THE HİSTORY OF MOTHERLAND PARTY
Humanity has always produced some sciences form beginning of the life.
People improve their abilities, skills with these year by year. One of the
important sciences is politics. They have used the politics in every time
period. Because, humanity need to govern by someone. Every nation picked
different ways of political view for the benefit of themselves. In this
article, we will look the Motherland Party (ANAP) and Turgut Ozal. He is one of the important names
for Turkish Politics and ANAP is the important part of history of Turkish
Politics. Therefore, we will focus the dates between 1977-1990 and his dead.
These dates include the 80’s coup d’état, assassinations, poverty, liberalism,
chaotic environment and the importance of freedom.
First of all, we will start to learn who is
the Turgut Ozal. He was born in Malatya and he is politician, engineer and
statesman. He studied first school in Malatya, second school in Mardin and high
school in Konya. He graduated from İstanbul Technical University and he is
department is Electrical Engineering.
After short marriage with Ayhan
İnal,
he married with Semra Yeginmen. Then,
he specialized economy at Texas Electrical University. He worked so many
companies and state agency. After his military service, he worked Establishment
of the State Planning Organization. After the 1965 elections, he served as the
consultant of Suleyman Demirel. He became the Undersecretary of the State
Planning Organization in 1967. He worked as a consultant in the World Bank
Industry Department from 1971 to 1973. After retuning to the country, he worked
as manager for many companies in many sectors, especially Sabancı Holding. It
is stated that his duty at Sabancı Holding is General Coordinator. In 1977
elections, he became a deputy candidate from the National Salvation Party at
İzmir but he couldn’t be selected. 43. At the time of government, he appointed
as the Deputy Undersecretary of State Planning Organization. Moreover, he is the chief architect of 24
January decisions.
Secondly, we will look at the events that happened before the
establishment of ANAP. The decisions of 24 January took lots of time because
Turkey was in poverty. The Turkey didn’t have any foods, goods and economy was
not good. For example, people couldn’t get light bulbs, gasoline tails were
endless. Another example belonged to Semra Yeginmen called as Semra Hanım, she
said that Ozal and friends worked under bulb and when the bulb explode, we used
another bulb from the other rooms because there was no bulb in the
country. Although DPT just started to
govern at January 1980, the military confiscated management at September 12,
1980. The head of the coup d’état was Kenan Evren. The military wanted to
continue these policies so they gave the role to Turgut Ozal as a deputy Prime
Minister Responsible for the economy. Kenan Evren said that I called the Ozal
and I asked him that do you have any belonging to the National Salvation Party
because this party near to Islamic idea. He is against the Islamic idea. Also,
these decisions got fast with the military. Then, he quitted from the role of
Bulent Ulusu government because of not being able to do his job freely. In this
part, he went to Antalya and America. He lost weight and he took a decision
about forming a new party and he took some lessons about politics because he
didn’t have enough knowledge about the politics. There were lots of problems
which Turkey politics mechanism because the military blocked the ideas, parties
and individuals. Even closed the parties. However, the 1982 constitution
accepted was by the public vote for a new political order. In the spring of
1983, the new parties were established one by one. This establishing aimed to return to
democracy. At the stage of the establishment of the party, he took some peoples
who were not in view before the 1980’s coup d’état and his old job friends.
Bedrettin Dalan said that the party members didn’t know each other until the
establishing. The ANAP aimed that middle class and include the farmer, worker,
officer and artisan. It was supported from some great capital circles. It had a
young and effective staff. It used the
bee and The Turkey’s map on their flag or symbol for Anatolian view and they
focused on economy. They against the bureaucracy and support the liberalism.
They passed the veto dam of National Security Council and they entered the
elections with two parties, which are Populist Party and Nationalist Democracy
Party. Some parties closed and they didn’t include the elections. It selected
because of using communicational things efficiently, moderate discourse that
focuses on economic issues and the word of middle class. It looked as a one of
the civil parties and close the right tradition so they took the vote 45,14%.
In 1984 local elections, they received the votes 41.5% of the votes. In this
election, parties which blocked in 1983 elections joined. When choosing deputies, they paid attention
that he or she should have been loved and heard by that city. For example, my
grandfather was close friend with the Turgut Ozal and he said to my grandfather
‘’let’s make you a deputy candidate’’ because my grandfather was one of the
richest and help lots of people economically in Bolu. In 28 September Midterm
Elections, they received the only 32.1% of the votes and the Right Way Party
was lucrative. Also, the Nationalist Democracy Party disbanded and some
politicians joined the ANAP. The 1982 constitution was continuing so the old
banned politicians wanted to canceled this constitution because of the process
of transition to civil administration. In 6 September 1987 referendum, it
resulted in the abolition of the bans and the Ozal didn’t want to change
constitutions so he and his party criticized on the subject of democratization.
After the public vote, he wanted early general election and they received the
majority of votes but 36,31% of the votes. Also, He was attacked by the Kartal
Demirag in 2nd Ordinary Congress of the ANAP at the 18 July 1988 but
he was saved. In 26 March 1989 local elections, The ANAP became the third party
of the elections so other parties wanted to general elections. In this time, he
was elected as president by the TGNA (Turkish Grand National Assembly) because
there were a majority of parliamentarians in the TGNA. However, he continued to
manage to international relationship of Turkey. Because of that, ministers of
foreign affairs quitted. After the whole political life, he died on visit of
Turkistan at 17 April 1993. Today, there is a discussion about his die, it can
be assassination. After that, The ANAP lost the votes and management.
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